![]() Mann was elected to the legislature in 1827, and in that body was active in the interests of education, public charities, and laws for the suppression of intemperance and lotteries. During 1821–23, he also studied at Litchfield Law School and, in 1823, was admitted to the bar in Norfolk, Massachusetts. The theme of his oration was “The Progressive Character of the Human Race.” He then studied law for a short time at Wrentham, Massachusetts was a tutor of Latin and Greek (1820–22) and a librarian (1821–23) at Brown University. At the age of 20, he enrolled at Brown University and graduated in three years as valedictorian (1819). From ten years of age to twenty, he had no more than six weeks’ schooling during any year, but he made use of the town library. The son’s frugal upbringing taught him habits of self-reliance and independence. His father was a Yankee farmer without much money. Mann has been credited by educational historians as the “Father of the Common School Movement”. Most states adopted one version or another of the system he established in Massachusetts, especially the program for “ normal schools” to train professional teachers. Īrguing that universal public education was the best way to turn the nation’s unruly children into disciplined, judicious republican citizens, Mann won widespread approval from modernizers, especially in his Whig Party, for building public schools. No one did more than he to establish in the minds of the American people the conception that education should be universal, non-sectarian, free, and that its aims should be social efficiency, civic virtue, and character, rather than mere learning or the advancement of sectarian ends. In 1848, after serving as Secretary of the Massachusetts State Board of Education since its creation, he was elected to the United States House of Representatives. A Whig devoted to promoting speedy modernization, he served in the Massachusetts State Legislature (1827–37). Horace Mann (– August 2, 1859) was an American politician and educational reformer.
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